Unit Summary [Reflections]

“Follow effective action with quiet reflection. From the quiet reflection will come even more effective action.” – Peter F. Drucker

The act of reflecting is when something is cast back at the original. Given this definition it is no surprise that the reflection unit was about designers of the time reflecting back on previous designs and making them their own; this led to the change in the ways of thinking and behaving of society. Contained with these changes were uniform variations in America’s style, which ultimately led to a revival of learning and culture within America.

During this time, the exploration of new materials and methods reached a peak in history. The usage of glass, wrought iron, and concrete became popular. The act of moving away from prior designs was associated with the idea of industrial production which inspired design material usage and shape. During this movement these designs were considered satisfiable among commodity, firmness and delight in the sense that the designs were thought to be universal. The Crystal Palace is an example of a concept that can be developed during a movement; the idea of mobility was one of the innovative things that made this design so remarkable.

The beginning of the Arts and Crafts movement has been narrowed down to three main locations who remained in constant competition with one another; New York, Chicago, and California. This “competition” between these locations led for the race of height among buildings. This race led to new innovative ways to build. The design behind the Home Insurance Building in Chicago, constructed by William Lebaron Jenny from 1883 to 1885 was one in which concept was key. This serves as a good example because, the concept featured in this structure was one that not only influenced its design, but it continued to influence the design methods of other architects. This concept was a self-supporting facade in which the structure contained on the inside has a metal grid that provides interior support. The purpose that a good concept contains is the ability to problem solve. This concept allowed the removal of thick supporting walls and removed 50% or greater of the weight office blocks which were to be used before this concept was applied to this structure.

The reflections unit demonstrates how using the past as a resource when it come to design for future is key. As the reflections unit came to a close, the explorations unit is making a smooth transit into more in depth study of new materials and building methods that continue to shape our world today.

Home Insurance Building in Chicago, constructed by William Lebaron Jenny from 1883 to 1885